Stupor Definition
Stupor is defined as a lack of psychomotor activity that may range from not actively relating to the environment to complete immobility. Stupor represents a higher level of consciousness compared to coma, in which there is a complete lack of consciousness as the patients do not respond to painful stimuli.
Causes
In psychiatry, a stupor may occur in the context of depression, mania or dissociative disorder, respectively known as a depressive stupor, manic stupor or dissociative stupor. It may also be a part of catatonia.
- Depressive stupor
- Manic Stupor
- Dissociative stupor
- Stupor in catatonia
A plethora of medical conditions can cause catatonia and stupor. (Reviewed by: Serra-Mestres et. al, 2018)
- Subarachnoid hemorrhages, Basal ganglia disorders
- Non‐convulsive status epilepticus
- Locked‐in and akinetic mutism states
- Endocrine and metabolic disorders, e.g. Wilson’s disease, hypoxia
- Down syndrome, Infections, Dementia
- Drug toxicity and withdrawal states, even clozapine
Reference
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