ICD-11 Criteria for Schizophrenia (6A20 )
Schizophrenia is characterised by
disturbances in multiple mental modalities, including thinking (e.g.,
delusions, disorganisation in the form of thought), perception (e.g.,
hallucinations), self-experience (e.g., the experience that one's feelings,
impulses, thoughts, or behaviour are under the control of an external force),
cognition (e.g., impaired attention, verbal memory, and social cognition),
volition (e.g., loss of motivation), affect (e.g., blunted emotional expression),
and behaviour (e.g., behaviour that appears bizarre or purposeless,
unpredictable or inappropriate emotional responses that interfere with the
organisation of behaviour). Psychomotor disturbances, including catatonia, may
be present. Persistent delusions, persistent hallucinations, thought disorder,
and experiences of influence, passivity, or control are considered core
symptoms. Symptoms must have persisted for at least one month in order for a
diagnosis of schizophrenia to be assigned. The symptoms are not a manifestation
of another health condition (e.g., a brain tumour) and are not due to the
effect of a substance or medication on the central nervous system (e.g.,
corticosteroids), including withdrawal (e.g., alcohol withdrawal).
Exclusions:
- Schizotypal
disorder (6A22)
- schizophrenic reaction (6A22)
- Acute and transient psychotic
disorder (6A23)
6A20.0 Schizophrenia,
first episode
Schizophrenia, first episode
should be used to identify individuals experiencing symptoms that meet the
diagnostic requirements for Schizophrenia (including duration) but who have
never before experienced an episode during which diagnostic requirements for
Schizophrenia were met.
6A20.00 Schizophrenia,
first episode, currently symptomatic
All definitional requirements for
Schizophrenia, first episode in terms of symptoms and duration are currently
met, or have been met within the past one month.
6A20.01 Schizophrenia,
first episode, in partial remission
All definitional requirements for
Schizophrenia, first episode in terms of symptoms and duration were previously
met. Symptoms have ameliorated such that the diagnostic requirements for the
disorder have not been met for at least one month, but some clinically
significant symptoms remain, which may or may not be associated with functional
impairment. The partial remission may have occurred in response to medication
or other treatment.
6A20.02 Schizophrenia,
first episode, in full remission
All definitional requirements for
Schizophrenia, first episode in terms of symptoms and duration were previously
met. Symptoms have ameliorated such that no significant symptoms remain. The
remission may have occurred in response to medication or other treatment.
6A20.0Z Schizophrenia,
first episode, unspecified
6A20.1 Schizophrenia,
multiple episodes
Schizophrenia, multiple episode
should be used to identify individuals experiencing symptoms that meet the
diagnostic requirements for Schizophrenia and who have also previously
experienced episodes during which diagnostic requirements were met, with
substantial remission of symptoms between episodes. Some attenuated symptoms
may remain during periods of remission, and remissions may have occurred in
response to medication or other treatment.
6A20.10 Schizophrenia,
multiple episodes, currently symptomatic
All definitional requirements for
Schizophrenia, multiple episodes in terms of symptoms and duration are
currently met, or have been met within the past one month.
6A20.11 ZSchizophrenia,
multiple episodes, in partial remission
All definitional requirements for
Schizophrenia, multiple episodes in terms of symptoms and duration were
previously met. Symptoms have ameliorated such that the diagnostic requirements
for the disorder have not been met for at least one month, but some clinically
significant symptoms remain, which may or may not be associated with functional
impairment. The partial remission may have occurred in response to medication
or other treatment.
6A20.12 Schizophrenia,
multiple episodes, in full remission
All definitional requirements for
Schizophrenia, multiple episodes in terms of symptoms and duration were
previously met. Symptoms have ameliorated such that no significant symptoms
remain. The remission may have occurred in response to medication or other
treatment.
6A20.1Z Schizophrenia,
multiple episodes, unspecified
6A20.2 Schizophrenia,
continuous
Symptoms fulfilling all
definitional requirements of Schizophrenia have been present for almost all of
the illness course over a period of at least one year, with periods of
subthreshold symptoms being very brief relative to the overall course.
6A20.20 Schizophrenia,
continuous, currently symptomatic
All definitional requirements for
Schizophrenia, continuous in terms of symptoms and duration are currently met,
or have been met within the past one month.
6A20.21 Schizophrenia,
continuous, in partial remission
All definitional requirements for
Schizophrenia, continuous in terms of symptoms and duration were previously
met. Symptoms have ameliorated such that the diagnostic requirements for the
disorder have not been met for at least one month, but some clinically
significant symptoms remain, which may or may not be associated with functional
impairment. The partial remission may have occurred in response to medication
or other treatment.
6A20.22 Schizophrenia,
continuous, in full remission
All definitional requirements for
Schizophrenia, continuous in terms of symptoms and duration were previously
met. Symptoms have ameliorated such that no significant symptoms remain. The
remission may have occurred in response to medication or other treatment.
6A20.2Z Schizophrenia,
continuous, unspecified
6A20.Y Other
specified episode of schizophrenia
6A20.Z Schizophrenia,
episode unspecified
REFERENCE:
International Classification of Diseases Eleventh Revision (ICD-11). Geneva: World Health Organization; 2022. License: CC BY-ND 3.0 IGO.
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/igo/