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Monoamine Hypothesis of Depression

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Monoamine Hypothesis of Depression

What does the theory say the depressive disorder is caused by?

An imbalance in the monoamine neurotransmitters

Monoamine hypothesis dep

What kind of imbalance takes place>?

A decrease

Monoamine hypothesis dep

What are the nt involved?

Nor-adrenaline, serotonin, dopamine

Monoamine hypothesis dep

What was noticed in the 1950s?

Drugs that decreased these particular nt caused symptoms similar to depressive disorder

Monoamine hypothesis dep

What are the characteristics associated with nor-adrenaline?

Sleeping, energy, motivation, emotion

Monoamine hypothesis dep

Characteristics of serotonin>?

Mood control, sleeping, hunger

Monoamine hypothesis dep

What other job does serotonin do?

Regulates adrenaline

Monoamine hypothesis dep

What happens if there is a low level of serotonin?

Low level of adrenaline, lack of motivation and pleasure

Monoamine hypothesis dep

Characteristics of dopamine?

Emotion, addiction, pleasure, and cog function

Monoamine hypothesis dep

What does a decreased amount of dopamine explain?

Diminished interest and lack of pleasure

Monoamine hypothesis dep

How many weeks might drugs take to work?

6 weeks

Monoamine hypothesis dep

Why do drugs not work straight away?

Because of a neuro-circulatory change in the brain

Monoamine hypothesis dep

What type of neuro-circulatory changes occur?

Because of the low levels, an up-regulation in the sensitivity occurs on receptor sites of post-synaptic neuron

Monoamine hypothesis dep

What happens when the nt suddenly become available through drugs?

A down-regulation occurs in the sensitivity, causes post-synaptic neuron receptors sites to desensitise

Monoamine hypothesis dep

What did kilmeck find? (strength)

He compared the brain of 15 dead patients with and without depressive disorder found that there were differences in the part of the brain that produces noradrenaline showing that nd is involved

Monoamine hypothesis dep

What did mcneal and cimbolic find? (strength)

Depressives show a lower level of 5hiaa which is produced when serotonin is broken down

Monoamine hypothesis dep

What does another biological explanation suggest that goes against this one?

Suggests that part of the nervous system is involved and that increased cortisol is associated with depressive disorder, incomplete

Monoamine hypothesis dep

What do MRI scans show about the theory?

There have been differences in those with and without depressive disorder, specifically a smaller hippocampus, so it is structural and biochemical

Monoamine hypothesis dep

What is moa-a?

A chemical that removes monoamine nt from the synapse when they are not needed

Monoamine hypothesis dep

What does too much moa-a mean?

That too much of the nt are being taken away producing symptoms of depressive disorder

Monoamine hypothesis dep

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