Skip to main content

ICD 10 Multiaxial System

Image
By


In multi-axial diagnosis, a patient’s problems are viewed within a broader context, which includes clinical diagnosis, assessment of disability, and psychosocial factors. In ICD-10, multi-axial diagnoses are made along three axes, as follows:

Axis I: clinical diagnoses

This includes all disorders, both psychiatric and physical, including learning disability and personality disorders. 

Axis II: disabilities

Conceptualized in line with WHO definitions of impairments, disabilities, and handicaps, this covers a number of specific areas of functioning that are rated on a scale of 0–5 (‘no disability’ to ‘gross disability’):

Personal care: personal hygiene, dressing, feeding, etc.

Occupation: expected functioning in paid activities, studying, homemaking, etc.

Family and household: participation in family life.

Functioning in a broader social context: participation in the wider community, including contact with friends, leisure, and other social activities. 

Axis III: contextual factors

The factors considered to contribute to the occurrence, presentation, course, outcome, or treatment of the present Axis I disorder(s). They include problems related to:

Negative events in childhood.

Education and literacy.

Primary support group, including family circumstances.

Social environment.

Housing or economic circumstances.

(Un)employment.

Physical environment.

Certain psychosocial circumstances.

Legal circumstances.

Family history of disease or disabilities.

Lifestyle or life-management difficulties.
Labels:

Comments

Post a Comment

Your Thoughts?

Popular posts from this blog

ICD-11 Criteria for Depression (Recurrent Depressive Disorder) 6A71

By
ICD-11 Criteria for Depression (Recurrent Depressive Disorder) 6A71 Recurrent depressive disorder is characterised by a history or at least two depressive episodes separated by at least several months without significant mood disturbance. A depressive episode is characterised by a period of depressed mood or diminished interest in activities occurring most of the day, nearly every day during a period lasting at least two weeks accompanied by other symptoms such as difficulty concentrating, feelings of worthlessness or excessive or inappropriate guilt, hopelessness, recurrent thoughts of death or suicide, changes in appetite or sleep, psychomotor agitation or retardation, and reduced energy or fatigue. There have never been any prior manic, hypomanic, or mixed episodes, which would indicate the presence of a Bipolar disorder. Inclusions:                Seasonal depressive disorder Exclusions:    ...
Post a Comment
Read more

ICD-11 Criteria for Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) 6A05

By
ICD-11 Criteria for Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) 6A05 Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder is characterised by a persistent pattern (at least 6 months) of inattention and/or hyperactivity-impulsivity that has a direct negative impact on academic, occupational, or social functioning. There is evidence of significant inattention and/or hyperactivity-impulsivity symptoms prior to age 12, typically by early to mid-childhood, though some individuals may first come to clinical attention later. The degree of inattention and hyperactivity-impulsivity is outside the limits of normal variation expected for age and level of intellectual functioning. Inattention refers to significant difficulty in sustaining attention to tasks that do not provide a high level of stimulation or frequent rewards, distractibility and problems with organisation. Hyperactivity refers to excessive motor activity and difficulties with remaining still, most evident in structured situations that re...
Post a Comment
Read more

ICD-11 Criteria for Schizophrenia (6A20 )

By
ICD-11 Criteria for Schizophrenia (6A20 ) Schizophrenia is characterised by disturbances in multiple mental modalities, including thinking (e.g., delusions, disorganisation in the form of thought), perception (e.g., hallucinations), self-experience (e.g., the experience that one's feelings, impulses, thoughts, or behaviour are under the control of an external force), cognition (e.g., impaired attention, verbal memory, and social cognition), volition (e.g., loss of motivation), affect (e.g., blunted emotional expression), and behaviour (e.g., behaviour that appears bizarre or purposeless, unpredictable or inappropriate emotional responses that interfere with the organisation of behaviour). Psychomotor disturbances, including catatonia, may be present. Persistent delusions, persistent hallucinations, thought disorder, and experiences of influence, passivity, or control are considered core symptoms. Symptoms must have persisted for at least one month in order for a diagnosis of schi...
Post a Comment
Read more