Holding therapy (Tinbergen 1983): A failure to bond Parent holds child to cause the autistic defense to crumble. Humanistic play therapy (Axline 1965): Encouraged the expression of feelings through play and unconditional positive regard. OPTIONS (Kaufman 1976) Parents spent every waking hour with child follow child lead

Factors that Obstruct Effective Communication The following factors can interfere with effective communication during clinical assessment.  Lack of exclusivity, for example, assessment on the bedside inside a unit of 20 patients.  Anxiety by a doctor, because of which divides their attention and concentrating, not the assessment is difficult.  Awkward seating that makes it difficult to relax while assessing a patient.  Lack of attention to the nonverbal cues Offensive remarks. Frequent interruptions.  Selective listening. Daydreaming. 

Read the summary to get an idea Study the table of contents Read all the bold faced excerpts and boxed summary Leaf through the entire chapter Identify the most important and unfamiliar words Highlight the key points Develop deeper understanding Compare to your previous concepts

Belief in potential of healing act Capacity to listen and empathies Respect and dignity of humans Tolerance to difference of opinion Gentle spirit Ability to mix creative thinking Never give up.

Vertical model Teacher student model Mutual participation model Informational care model