What are the factors known to improve effective communication? The following is a list of the factors that contribute to effective communication with patients during clinical assessment.  Use Minimal Prompts Interrupting your patient during a clinical assessment prohibits them from explaining their concerns. Points that are important for you as a clinician are often less important for the patient.  Knowing whatever is important to the patients and addressing their concerns is immensely important from a holistic and biopsychosocial model of health care. Using minimal prompts helps patients to communicate their concerns so you can address them.  Sit squarely in relation to the patient Open body position in relation to the patient Leaning slightly towards the client Eye contact maintained Relax while listening Listen to the message content Listen for feelings Respond to feelings Note all non-verbal cues

Risk factors for Parkinsonism The following are some risk factors for Parkinson's disease.  Pesticide exposure Head injury Drinking well water Agricultural occupation Use of beta-blockers.

Development in the first year of life summarised Smiling starts at 3 weeks.  Selective smiling starts at 6 months.  Fear of strangers starts at 8 months, while separation anxiety starts later to that.  At the end of the first year, children also learn a few simple words like mama, dada, etc.  Weaning starts at around 6 months and should have completed by the end of the year.  An ordered sleep-wake cycle has also got established, Children learn to point at objects in the first year of life.

It is classified into three clusters as: Suspicious: which include Antisocial Paranoid Schizoid Schizotypal Emotional and impulsive: Borderline Histrionic Narcissitic Anxious: Avoidant Dependent Obsessive compulsive Another way to classify them is Mad, Bad and Sad respectively for the suspicious, impulsive and anxious clusters. Remember there are no clusters in ICD11 anymore, The individual personality disorders have been eliminated from ICD11.

How do we define NMS? It is an acute disorder of thermoregulation and neuromotor control that occurs because of exposure to dopaminergic drugs. What drugs or medications can cause NMS? Antipsychotics, especially the ones with high anti-dopaminergic potency. But also dopaminergic agonist withdrawal e.g. withdrawal from levodopa.