Can you answer any one or two of these right? 1. In visual perception, the recurrence or prolongation of a visual phenomenon beyond the customary limits of the appearance of the real event in the world is termed ___________ 2. The size of the perception can be either larger '________' or smaller ' ___________' than expected. 3. In some cases, there can be apparent reduction in one hemifield of vision '_____________' 4. These anomalies are common in ______________. 5. Alteration in the customary shape of the perceived object is termed __________ . 6. ‘One woman saw people upside down, on their heads’ (Bleuler, 1950). This is an example of ___________ 7. When metamorphopsia affects faces, it is referred to as __________. 8. , ____________, is the complete absence of colour 9. ______________ refers to the perversion of colour perception 10. . ___________ involves the object appearing far away, 11. __________ is the term used when the object is appearing nearer t...

What happens to cellular immune responses in depression? exaggerated reduced

Neuropathology of Alzheimer's Disease Gross Brain Changes The following are the gross changes in the brains of the people with Alzheimer’s disease: Reduced weight of the brain Reduced cortical volume Dilated ventricles Deepening of sulci Magnetic Resonance Imaging On magnetic resonance imaging, the diagnostically most important finding is atrophy , especially of the medial temporal lobe. It affects the entorhinal cortex the earliest but then it spreads to other regions of the temporal lobe and limbic lobe for example hippocampus, amygdala, and parahippocampus. Later, the pathology extends to parietal lobe and eventually global atrophy. It spares frontal lobes until the late stage. The progression of atrophy occurs in a similar pattern as the progression of the neuropathology. Dilated ventricles can show global atrophy, but the most reliable method is a direct measurement of volume. Expansion of the fissures is the indirect, and less reliable way to measure the atrophy. For Alzheime...

Neurobiology of Panic Disorder "There is most evidence for changes in Gamma-aminobutyric acid , with lowered cortical Gamma-aminobutyric acid type  levels measured by magnetic resonance spectroscopy, and diminished benzodiazepine -receptor binding in the parietotemporal regions in unmedicated patients with panic disorder (Hasler et al., 2008)." This happens in panic disorder. Gamma-aminobutyric acid is the major  inhibitory  neurotransmitter in the brain. Benzodiazepine also binds to Gamma-aminobutyric acid type A receptors and increases its firing rate, thus resulting in hyperpolarisation of the cell because of increased chloride influx. So, specific regions in the brain are hyperexcitable in patients with panic disorder. Summary of Hasler et al.  Context Studies have implicated the benzodiazepine receptor system in the pathophysiologic mechanism of panic disorder  by indirect evidence from pharmacological challenge studies and by direct evidence from single-p...

APRIL 2017 Previous (solved) Paper IMM Q11 A 45-year male patient with several years history of mental illness was seen replying to some person abusing him when nobody was around. At the same time, he also reports that he can see a young girl skipping a rope behind his back. During the conversation, he recalled events related to his father's accidental death & burial that occurred two months back but was mostly smiling while mentioning it. He was convinced that his wife is not faithful to him and is having an illicit relationship with one of his friends, although no evidence suggesting, this is available. During his assessment, he was found constantly imitating the actions performed by his doctor and believed that a cart carrying armed personnel will land in his room by making a hole in the roof and will take away all his valuables to another planet. Name the psychological disturbances present in phenomenological terms. Q12 Outline the neurobiology of neglect and abuse in child...