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Liebowitz Social Anxiety Scale Clinician/Self-Report

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Liebowitz Social Anxiety Scale Clinician/Self-Report

(LSAS-CR/SR; Cox, Ross, Swinson, & Direnfeld,  1998; Liebowitz, 1987).

The LSAS-CR/SR is a 24-item clinician- or self-report measure assessing fear and avoidance of social situations in adults.  The LSAS-CR/SR can be used as a screening tool to monitor symptom change over time (Heimberg et al., 1999). The LSAS has a separate version for children and adolescents (LSAS-CA, Masia-Warner, Storch, Pincus, Klein & Heimberg, 2003), as well as a brief child and adolescent version (Shachar, Aderka, & Gilboa-Shechtman, 2013). The LSAS-CR/SR both consist of two subscales: public performance and social interaction. Example items include, “Telephoning people in public” and “Talking to people in authority.” Each item is rated for both fear and avoidance. Fear is rated from zero (“none”) to three (“severe”). Avoidance is rated from zero (“never”) to three (“usually, 68% - 100% of the time”). The LSAS-CR demonstrates good to excellent internal consistency (α=.81-.96; Heimberg et al., 1999). The LSAS-SR demonstrates good test-retest reliability over a period of 12 weeks (r = .83). The LSAS-CR demonstrates convergent validity with the Social Interaction Anxiety Scale (SIAS; Mattick & Clarke, 1998), the Social Phobia Scale (SPS; Mattick & Clarke, 1998), the Fear of Negative Evaluation Scale (FNES; Watson & Friend, 1969), and the social phobia subscale of the Fear Questionnaire (FQ; Marks & Mathews, 1979). It also demonstrates divergent validity with the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI; Beck, Ward, Mendelson, Mock, & Erbaugh, 1961). The LSAS-SR demonstrates convergent validity with the LSAS-CR, the Social Phobia and Anxiety Inventory (SPAI), and the Self-Statements During Public Speaking Scale (SPSS; Hofmann & Dibartolo, 2000). It also demonstrates moderate significant correlation with the BDI (Baker, Heinrichs, Kim, & Hofmann, 2002). The LSAS-CR/SR are available online (http://healthnet.umassmed.edu/mhealth/LiebowitzSocialAnxietyScale.pdf & http://asp.cumc.columbia.edu/SAD/).  The LSAS-CA is available via (Carrie.Masia@nyumc.org).

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