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ICD-11 Criteria for ICD-11 Classification of Disorders Due to the Use of MDMA or Related Drugs, Including MDA (6C4C)

Classification of Disorders Due to the Use of MDMA or Related Drugs, Including MDA (6C4C) Parent: Disorders due to substance use Show all ancestors expand  Description Disorders due to use of MDMA or related drugs, including MDA are characterised by the pattern and consequences of MDMA or related drug use. MDMA is methylene-dioxymethamphetamine and is a common drug of abuse in many countries especially among young people. It is predominantly available in tablet form known as ‘ecstasy’. Pharmacologically, MDMA has stimulant and empathogenic properties and these encourage its use among young people for social and other interactions. Considering its wide prevalence in many countries and among many sub-groups of young people, MDMA and Related Drug Dependence and MDMA and Related Drug Withdrawal are comparatively uncommon. Substance-Induced Mental Disorders may arise from its use. Several analogues of MDMA exist, including MDA (methylene-dioxyamphetamine). Exclusions Hazardous use of MDMA

ICD-11 Criteria for Trance disorder (6B62)

ICD-11 Criteria for Trance disorder (6B62) Trance disorder is characterised by trance states in which there is a marked alteration in the individual’s state of consciousness or a loss of the individual’s customary sense of personal identity in which the individual experiences a narrowing of awareness of immediate surroundings or unusually narrow and selective focusing on environmental stimuli and restriction of movements, postures, and speech to repetition of a small repertoire that is experienced as being outside of one’s control. The trance state is not characterised by the experience of being replaced by an alternate identity. Trance episodes are recurrent or, if the diagnosis is based on a single episode, the episode has lasted for at least several days. The trance state is involuntary and unwanted and is not accepted as a part of a collective cultural or religious practice. The symptoms do not occur exclusively during another dissociative disorder and are not better explained by

ICD-11 Criteria for Anxiety or Fear-Related Disorders (BlockL1‑6B0)

ICD-11 Criteria for Anxiety or Fear-Related Disorders (BlockL1‑6B0) Anxiety and fear-related disorders are characterised by excessive fear and anxiety and related behavioural disturbances, with symptoms that are severe enough to result in significant distress or significant impairment in personal, family, social, educational, occupational, or other important areas of functioning. I closely related fear and anxiety phenomena; fear represents a reaction to perceived imminent threat in the present, whereas anxiety is more future-oriented, referring to perceived anticipated threat. A key differentiating feature among the Anxiety and fear-related disorders are disorder-specific foci of apprehension, that is, the stimulus or situation that triggers the fear or anxiety. The clinical presentation of Anxiety and fear-related disorders typically includes specific associated cognitions that can assist in differentiating among the disorders by clarifying the focus of apprehension. Coded Elsewh

Infanticide and its Legal Status

Infanticide Infanticide is child murder in the first year of life. We define maternal filicide as a child murder by the mother.  Neonaticide is the murder of an infant within the first 24 hours of life. Almost all neonaticides are committed by mothers. Neonaticidal mothers are often young, unmarried women with unwanted pregnancies who receive no prenatal care. Infanticide laws often reduce the penalty for mothers who kill their children up to one year of age, based on the principle that a woman who commits infanticide does so because " the balance of her mind is disturbed because of her not having fully recovered from the effect of giving birth to the child" . The infanticide law allows mothers to be charged with manslaughter rather than murder if they are suffering from a mental disturbance. However, women convicted of infanticide sometimes do not have significant mental illness as technically required by the law (so e.g. as per the definition of mental disorder under Pun

ICD-11 Criteria for Disorders due to the Use of Non-psychoactive Substances (6C4H)

ICD-11 Criteria for Disorders due to the Use of Non-Psychoactive Substances (6C4H) Disorders due to use of non-psychoactive substances are characterised by the pattern and consequences of non-medical use of non-psychoactive substances. Non-psychoactive substances include laxatives, growth hormone, erythropoietin, and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. They may also include proprietary or over-the-counter medicines and folk remedies. Non-medical use of these substances may be associated with harm to the individual because of the direct or secondary toxic effects of the non-psychoactive substance on body organs and systems, or a harmful route of administration (e.g., infections due to intravenous self-administration). They are not associated with intoxication or with a dependence or withdrawal syndrome and are not recognized causes of substance-induced mental disorders. 6C4H.0            Episode of harmful use of non-psychoactive substances An episode of use of a non-psychoactive