What are the aims of the Counseling Sessions? Counseling Sessions are an important part of psychiatric management. The following list sums up the Aims of Counselling Sessions;  Establish mutual trust Clarification and explanation Freely expresses emotions Reassurance Understanding of health Indent various choices Making decisions Seeking support Learning the necessary skills

The Basics of Communication Skills Communication skills are central to clinical assessment. The following are the basic techniques that improve communications Skills.  Attending and listening Active listening Verbal techniques Funneling Paraphrasing Selective reflection Empathy building Checking for understanding.

Assessment of Fitness to Plead (Capacity to Stand Trial) Pritchard Criteria Introduction To stand trial, the accused should be able to describe his behaviour and whereabouts at the time of the alleged offence, understands what happens in the courtroom and understands the role of the courtroom personnel, instruct his solicitor, distinguish between various pleas and understand the range and nature of verdicts. Pritchard Criteria In the law of England and Wales, fitness to plead is the capacity of a defendant in criminal proceedings to comprehend the course of those proceedings. Its equivalent in the United States and Canada is ‘competence to stand trial.’ If the defendant raises fitness to plead, a judge will decide whether an individual fit to plead, usually following a psychiatric evaluation.  To decide whether a patient is fit to plead, it is important to determine the extent to which the defendant can:  Understand the nature of the charge Understand the difference between pleading gu

Diagnostic formulation What is the diagnostic formulation?? We use a diagnostic formulation to integrate and better evaluate the information we have obtained from the assessment of the patient. It has these components: The problem Differential diagnosis Etiology Management Prognosis

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Factors that Obstruct Effective Communication The following factors can interfere with effective communication during clinical assessment.  Lack of exclusivity, for example, assessment on the bedside inside a unit of 20 patients.  Anxiety by a doctor, because of which divides their attention and concentrating, not the assessment is difficult.  Awkward seating that makes it difficult to relax while assessing a patient.  Lack of attention to the nonverbal cues Offensive remarks. Frequent interruptions.  Selective listening. Daydreaming. 

An open-ended question is one that puts the least restrictions over the answer to a select option-list. For example, an open-ended question to assess the thoughts would be: What do you think about most often? You can already notice, it is impossible to ask an absolute-open ended question.  For the purpose of the Research Workshop, the College of Physicians and Surgeons states:  Open-ended questions elicit detailed responses and provide no preselected options. These types of questions are the hallmark of qualitative research.   Also, learn the advantages of open-ended questions. 

What are the advantages of open-ended questions? During the clinical assessment, open-ended questions are always preferred to close-ended questions. there are several advantages to the open-ended questions.  If you still don't know What are Open-Ended Questions? Open-ended questions allow patients to start talking about themselves and puts them at ease as they have the floor.  Allows you time to think and plan areas of questioning as you assess their style and content of the response. Allows a period of non-verbal response from interviewer; listening and facilitating.  >> Just slight info: To Have the floor means to have the right or opportunity to speak in a group, especially at a formal event or gathering.  Please, Dr. Dunstaple, your colleague has the floor. You'll have the opportunity to reply when he has finished speaking. 

A 33-year-old man who is a driver-by-profession presented to you with decreased appetite, loss of sleep, and irritability for the last three months. There is no past or family history of psychiatric conditions. He is the only earning member of his family and must go to work every day to make a living. On physical examination, his pulse is 90 beats per minute with an irregular rhythm. a) Outline your assessment and management plans. b) What precautions you will take while prescribing psychotropic medications in this case? c) Enumerate all possible differential diagnoses in this case.

So, I have been asked by your GP to have a chat with you because you are having some difficulties in judging. So, as far as I know, you have, you were in an accident. A few months ago and since then you've been having some difficulties. But if it's okay, I'll let you explain what led you to come in here already. Yeah, I just had an accident about six months ago. And ever since then, I just can't get out of my head. was it was a serious accident? Yeah, it was it could have been, you know, the car was all messed up in a way you know to sort of concussion to split a whiplash room in the car was really hard. I can see where you're getting a bit anxious even talking about it. If you find questions difficult to answer It's okay, we can move on. And you can take your time, too, if you're feeling anxious. So you had this unfortunate accident you said that, although you will not seriously injure the car was quite badly damaged, and you make the most depending on how